Effects on Education

1.) Maria Montessori has many ideas on the basis of scientific pedagogy. She believes that the teacher or instructor should prepare by closely observing the children. She also quotes, "He should conduct his observations with the self-sacrificing spirit of a scientist and the reverent love of a disciple." This is explaining that the teacher should be focusing on giving all of themselves to the children and not being self-centered. They should ultimately care for all the children's needs and observe what helps and harms the children and their learning capabilities. 

2.) Montessori is very against the continued requirement of "restrictive benches and desks based on misguided scientific principles." She believes that these desks and benches are physically harmful to the students and that if they are hurting the students physically, then they are also being affected spiritually and mentally. In the future, people will most likely find it unbelievable that we forced children to learn using harmful desks and other furniture which is why Montessori demands we change this problem now. 

3.) Lastly, Montessori explains the affect of freedom. She explains that while society tries to end slavery, the school system does not. Children work almost everyday for many hours just to earn little promotions or prizes but this doesn't help them learn that they have a bigger purpose. They need to learn to work for intrinsic rewards rather than extrinsic for greater satisfaction and know that they have freedom and autonomy to make this happen on their own.



4.) Dewey's expression of "thinking in education" explains that in order for effective learning to occur, students must be given an experimental activity to think and learn based on experience. Many teachers give students a heavy academic activity without the students having much knowledge on how to complete it. The ultimate goal is to improve students ability to think and that is done by giving them something to do, not learn.

5.) Dewey believes that an effective learning tactic is utilizing the student's previous experience and also providing some difficulty. He also believes certain conditions such as direct observation, reading, and listening are all useful to some extent. He also believes that thinking is inventive and creative because it puts everyday things into new uses. Therefore, he believes students should deal with problems directly, first-hand, and make sure that it requires thinking.

6.) Once again the best process of education includes hands on experience that requires the students to think and "do", however, Dewey also believes that students must apply the circumstances before they have full meaning. This also means students should work or learn in facilities that allow them to experience real life scenarios. Doing this will separate ideas from experience and help achieve the ultimate goal which is to develop the student's thinking capabilities.